ELEKTROMOBIL CHIQINDI BATAREYALARINI GIDROMETALLURGIK QAYTA ISHLASHDA SUV ISTE’MOLINI KAMAYTIRUVCHI TEXNOLOGIYALAR
Keywords:
elektromobil chiqindi batareyalari, gidrometallurgik qayta ishlash, suv iste’molini kamaytirish, yopiq suv aylanish tizimi, metall ajratish samaradorligi, ekologik barqarorlik, iqtisodiy samaradorlik.Abstract
So‘nggi yillarda elektromobillar sanoatining jadal rivojlanishi natijasida foydalanish muddati tugagan litiy-ion batareyalarning chiqindilari miqdori keskin ortmoqda. Ushbu chiqindilar tarkibida yuqori qiymatli metallar — litiy, kobalt, nikel va marganes mavjud bo‘lib, ularni qayta tiklash atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish hamda resurslardan oqilona foydalanish nuqtayi nazaridan muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Gidrometallurgik qayta ishlash texnologiyalari metallarning ajralish samaradorligi va ekologik xavfsizligi bilan ajralib turadi, biroq bu jarayonlarda suv iste’moli yuqori bo‘lgani sababli ularning barqarorligi cheklangan.Mazkur tadqiqotda elektromobil chiqindi batareyalarini gidrometallurgik qayta ishlashda suv iste’molini kamaytirish hamda yopiq suv aylanish tizimini joriy etish orqali jarayonning ekologik va iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish masalasi o‘rganildi. Taklif etilgan texnologik yechim suvni filtrlash, bug‘lanish, ion-almashinish va kondensatsiya jarayonlarini birlashtirgan holda, jarayon suvi sifatini saqlagan holda uni qayta ishlatish imkonini beradi. Shuningdek, tizimda suvning umumiy aylanish koeffitsienti oshirilib, chiqindi suvlar hajmi sezilarli darajada kamaytirildi.Tajriba natijalariga ko‘ra, yopiq suv aylanish tizimi joriy etilgan gidrometallurgik jarayonlarda toza suv sarfi 50–60% gacha qisqardi, metall ajratish samaradorligi esa 95–98% darajada saqlanib qoldi. Natijada suv resurslaridan foydalanish samaradorligi oshdi, chiqindi suvning atrof-muhitga salbiy ta’siri kamaydi va ishlab chiqarish xarajatlari pasaydi. Ushbu yondashuv elektromobil chiqindi batareyalarini qayta ishlashda ekologik barqarorlikni ta’minlash bilan birga iqtisodiy jihatdan foydali, energiya tejamkor texnologiyani ishlab chiqish imkonini beradi.
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